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The Dada Archivist

Hannah Höch, Kurt Schwitters and Berlin Dada

by Stina Barchan (Author)
Monographs XXIV, 294 Pages
Series: German Visual Culture, Volume 13

Summary

«With astuteness and feeling, Stina Barchan captures the wonderful friendship between Hannah Höch and Kurt Schwitters and their artistic affinities. She deftly traces how each threaded together archival treasures and different forms of three-dimensional montage in their homes and workspaces to create living art in difficult times.»
(Maud Lavin, Professor Emerita, School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and author of Cut with the Kitchen Knife: The Weimar Photomontages of Hannah Höch)
«Focusing on Hannah Höch’s archive (rather than her artworks) and her post-Second World War activities (rather than the Dada period), Stina Barchan bypasses conventional approaches to the artist and compellingly argues that Höch’s holistic approach to art and life in this period was among the most fundamentally subversive and radical of her career.»
(Adrian Sudhalter, author of Dadaglobe Reconstructed)
The archive of the German artist Hannah Höch (1889–1978) has long been an important source of material for historians researching the interwar avant-garde and artists associated with Berlin Dada. This book explores Höch’s practices of organisation when assembling the documents in her house outside Berlin from 1939 until her death. Through extensive research, the author argues that Höch’s archive should be considered not just a collection of documents but a work in its own right, intimately connected with the artist’s daily life. Noting the importance of understanding the mechanisms of this work, the book suggests that Höch took charge of both preserving and exploring the possibilities of Dada long after the group had been officially dissolved.
The file that Höch assembled on her friend, the artist Kurt Schwitters (1887–1948), plays an important part in the book, its content revealing how domestic habits infused both artists’ practices. Juxtaposing Höch’s archive and Schwitters’s Merzbau, the author argues for an interactive movement between the two that has fundamental implications for how we understand both artists’ oeuvres.

Table Of Contents

  • Cover
  • Title
  • Copyright
  • Dedication
  • About the author
  • About the book
  • This eBook can be cited
  • Contents
  • Illustrations
  • Acknowledgements
  • Introduction
  • Chapter 1 Archive Work
  • Chapter 2 Postcards and Anecdotes
  • Chapter 3 Dada Domesticity
  • Chapter 4 Fighting the Archive
  • Bibliography
  • Index

Illustrations

  1. Figure 1. Hannah Höch’s studio in Heiligensee, 1978. Photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Rainer König.
  2. Figure 2. Hannah Höch’s veranda in Heiligensee, 1978. Photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Rainer König.
  3. Figure 3. Hannah Höch’s library in Heiligensee, 1978. Photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Rainer König.
  4. Figure 4. Hannah Höch’s drawer, Heiligensee, 1978. Photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Rainer König.
  5. Figure 5. Hannah Höch’s desk in Heiligensee, 1978. Photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Rainer König.
  6. Figure 6. Architectural plan of Hannah Höch’s House in Heiligensee, no date. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  7. Figure 7. Hannah Höch’s studio in Heiligensee, 1978. Photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Rainer König.
  8. Figure 8. Hannah Höch’s living room in Heiligensee, 1978. Photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Rainer König.
  9. Figure 9. Armin Orgel-Köhne, Üppige Fliederhecke am Eingang (Lush Lilac Hedges by the Entrance), 1971. Photograph. Privatbesitz Armin Orgel-Köhne.
  10. Figure 10. Hannah Höch, ‘Was ist wo?’, notebook, c.1969. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  11. Figure 11. Hannah Höch with her parents and siblings, c.1898, photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  12. Figure 12. Raoul Hausmann, Illustration from Club Dada, brochure of the publishing house ‘Verlag Freie Straße’, 1918. 26.7 × 19 cm, print. © ADAGP, Paris and DACS, London 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  13. Figure 13. Kurt Schwitters, Die Internationale Konzert-Direktion Adler, 1921, envelope. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  14. Figure 14. Hannah Höch, ‘Zárì 30 dni/6 Úterý/Boleslava’, 06.09.1921, calendar page. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  15. Figure 15. Hannah Höch, ‘Dubitzer Kirchl bei Salesel’, September 1921, postcard. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  16. Figure 16. Hannah Höch, Kurt Schwitters, Merz 5: 7 Arpaden. With note by Höch ‘Dies der Rest der von Schwitters gedruckten Arp-Mapp’, c.1923, printed paper. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  17. Figure 17. ‘Merz. Die Einheits-Schreibmaschine aus Stahl’, no date, advert on rear side of restaurant receipt. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  18. Figure 18. Hannah Höch, ‘Was ist wo?’, notebook, c.1970; and ‘Was - Wo / und Notizen wichtig’, no date. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  19. Figure 19. Kurt Schwitters, KdeE 1928 (Cathedral of Erotic Misery), 1928. Installation and assemblage, destroyed. BPK/Sprengel Museum Hannover/Kurt Schwitters.
  20. Figure 20. Kurt Schwitters, photograph of the Merzbau by Wilhelm Redemann in the journal Abstraction Creation Art Non Figurative, 2 (1933). BPK/Sprengel Museum Hannover/Wilhelm Redemann.
  21. Figure 21. Kurt Schwitters, photograph of the Merzbau by Wilhelm Redemann in the journal Abstraction Creation Art Non Figurative, 2 (1933). BPK/Sprengel Museum Hannover/Kurt Schwitters.
  22. Figure 22. Plan of Schwitters’s apartment on Waldhausenstraße 5, Hannover. © Gwendolen Webster, Aachen.
  23. Figure 23. Kurt Schwitters, Untitled (Relief Wall from the Merz Barn), 1947, 271 × 571 × 70 cm, Hutton Gallery, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne. BPK/Sprengel Museum Hannover/Ernst Schwitters. © DACS 2023. Photo: Ernst Schwitters.
  24. Figure 24. El Lissitzky, Kabinett der Abstrakten (Cabinet of Abstract Art), 1927–1928. Photograph of room installation. Destroyed. BPK/Sprengel Museum Hannover.
  25. Figure 25. Kurt Schwitters’s studio, photograph, c.1920. Private collection. Courtesy Sprengel Museum Hannover, Kurt Schwitters Archiv.
  26. Figure 26. Kurt Schwitters, Collaged postcard on a postcard of Höch’s Astronomie, c.1923. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  27. Figure 27. Hannah Höch, Kurt Schwitters and Sophie Taeuber-Arp on the beach of Rügen, 1923. Photograph. Private Collection.
  28. Figure 28. Postcard from Kurt Schwitters to Hannah Höch, ‘Der Hahnepeter’, Märchen von Kurt Schwitters, 25.09.1924. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  29. Figure 29. Kurt Schwitters, collaged postcard to Christof Spengemann, 17.08.1920. Stadtbibliothek Hannover, Schwitters-Archiv, SAH No. 305.
  30. Figure 30. Kurt and Helma Schwitters, Collaged postcard to Hannah Höch, 31.10.1923. 14 × 9 cm, picture side. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  31. Figure 31. Kurt and Helma Schwitters, Collaged postcard to Hannah Höch, 31.10.1923. 14 × 9 cm. rear side. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  32. Figure 32. ‘Grüss aus Halle’, c.1900. Postcard. Postcard Collection of Stina Barchan.
  33. Figure 33. ‘A Postcard Habit in Germany: The Postman as a walking Stationer and Letter-Box’, Illustrated London News, 2 October 1909. © Illustrated London News Ltd./Mary Evans.
  34. Figure 34. Kurt Schwitters, ‘Propagandazettel Merz für Hannah Hoech’, c.1923. Envelope with 23 flyers. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  35. Figure 35. Kurt Schwitters, An Anna Blume, poster, 1920. BPK/Sprengel Museum Hannover/Michael Herling/Aline Gwose.
  36. Figure 36. Kurt Schwitters, Postcard with Merzplastik. Der Lustgalgen, c.1919. 14 × 9 cm. Paul Steegemann Verlag. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  37. Figure 37. Raoul Hausmann, collaged postcard with passport picture of Hausmann and Anna Blume label, 1921. 14 × 9 cm. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. © ADAGP, Paris and DACS, London, 2023. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  38. Figure 38. Hannah Höch, Kabarett Bühne II (Cabaret Stage II), design for the Anti-Revue Schlechter und Besser, 1924/1925. 34.2 × 48.9 cm, watercolour. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie, Berlin.
  39. Figure 39. Hannah Höch, no title, collaged postcard with large insect, c.1923. 42.5 × 32.5 × 3.5 cm. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  40. Figure 40. Kurt Schwitters, i-Zeichnung (i-drawing), 1920. 11 × 8.7 cm. Print on paper. BPK/Sprengel Museum/Michael Herling/Aline Gwose.
  41. Figure 41. Hannah Höch, no title, reverse side of collaged postcard with large insect, c.1923. 42.5 × 32.5 × 3.5 cm. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  42. Figure 42. Hannah Höch, Astronomie (Astronomy), 1922, collage, 25.7 × 20.5 cm. © DACS 2023. Courtesy The Mayor Gallery, London.
  43. Figure 43. Hannah Höch, Astronomie (Astronomy), illustration in Merz 7, 1924. Kurt Schwitters, Merz 7. Merz ist Form. Formen heißt entformeln, 1924 (pp. 70/71). © DACS 2023. BPK/Sprengel Museum Hannover/Brigitte Borrmann.
  44. Figure 44. Hannah Höch, Astronomie (Astronomy), 1922, postcard. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  45. Figure 45. László Moholy-Nagy, Light Prop for an Electric Stage (Light-Space Modulator), 1930. 151 × 70 × 70 cm. Mobile construction. Harvard Art Museums/Busch-Reisinger Museum, Gift of Sibyl Moholy-Nagy. Photo © President and Fellows of Harvard College, BR56.5.
  46. Figure 46. Hannah Höch, Rarit-Schrank (Cabinet of Curiosities), c.1970, photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Franz Hermesmeyer.
  47. Figure 47. Hannah Höch, Rarit-Schrank (Cabinet of Curiosities), detail, c.1970, photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Franz Hermesmeyer.
  48. Figure 48. Kurt Schwitters, Portrait postcard issued by Paul Steegemann Verlag, 1920. 14 × 9 cm. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  49. Figure 49. Kurt Schwitters, Collaged postcard ‘Cišlówènskă’, c.1921. 14 × 9 cm. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  50. Figure 50. Kurt Schwitters and Raoul Hausmann, Antidada-Merz Presentismus, poster and program from Prag tour, 1921. 33.9 × 20.3 cm. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. © ADAGP, Paris and DACS, London, 2023.
  51. Figure 51. Kurt Schwitters, Note with Anna Blume sticker, no date. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  52. Figure 52. Hannah Höch, Note with Anna Blume label, ‘Die Original Merke “Anna Blume”’, no date. 31.8 × 23.9 cm. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  53. Figure 53. Kurt Schwitters, Collaged postcard to Walter Dexel, 27.05.1921. 14 × 9 cm. Galerie Gmurzynska. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  54. Figure 54. Kurt Schwitters, Collaged postcard to the Dexel family, 04.11.1921. 14 × 9 cm. Galerie Gmurzynska. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  55. Figure 55. Kurt Schwitters, Collaged postcard to Rolf Mayr, 1925/1926. 14 × 9 cm. Stadtbibliothek Hannover, Schwitters-Archiv, SAH No. 333.
  56. Figure 56. Kurt Schwitters, Collaged postcard with green square to Hannah Höch, 08.12.1923. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  57. Figure 57. Hannah Höch, Selbstportrait (Self Portrait), 1922. 67.9 × 48.1 cm, silhouette. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. © DACS 2023. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  58. Figure 58. Hannah Höch’s childhood house on Kaiserstraße in Gotha, late nineteenth century. Photograph. © DACS 2023.
  59. Figure 59. Kurt Schwitters’s house in Hannover, in the foreground Ernst Schwitters, 1926. Photograph. Sprengel Museum Hannover. Photo: Herling/Herling/Werner.
  60. Figure 60. Kurt Schwitters, Untitled (Merz Column), c.1920. Photograph of sculpture, destroyed. Sprengel Museum Hannover. Photo: Herling/Herling/Werner.
  61. Figure 61. Kurt Schwitters, Untitled (Merz Column), c.1923, destroyed. BPK/Sprengel Museum Hannover.
  62. Figure 62. Kurt and Helma Schwitters reading in their Biedermeier room, c.1919. Photograph. BPK/Sprengel Museum Hannover.
  63. Figure 63. Kurt Schwitters, Z 62 a Hütten (Huts), 1918. Painting. BPK/Sprengel Museum Hannover, on loan from Kurt und Ernst Schwitters Stiftung, since 2003/Herling/Gwose/Werner.
  64. Figure 64. Kurt Schwitters, Ohne Titel (Interieur) (Untitled, Interior), c.1910, oil on canvas, 62.5 × 86.5 cm, Private Collection. Courtesy Sprengel Museum Hannover, Kurt Schwitters Archiv.
  65. Figure 65. Kurt Schwitters, Liebe Hannah! Danke Dir – Gruss! Dien Kurt (Dear Hannah! Thanks and Greetings! Yours Kurt), c.1928. 14 × 10.5 cm. Collage. Private Collection. Courtesy Sprengel Museum Hannover, Kurt Schwitters Archiv.
  66. Figure 66. Kurt Schwitters, Die heilige Sattlermappe (The Holy Saddlers’ Portfolio), 1922. 38.4 × 55.8 cm. Folder with collage. Private Collection.
  67. Figure 67. Hannah Höch, Huldigung an Arp (Homage to Arp), 1923. 27 × 18 cm, collage. © DACS 2023. Carlo Reguzzi, Fondazione Marguerite Arp, Locarno.
  68. Figure 68. Album box, Buchattrappen-Kassetten, nineteenth century. Altonaer Museum, Hamburg. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  69. Figure 69. Album page with embroidery, nineteenth century. Altonaer Museum, Hamburg. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  70. Figure 70. Kurt Schwitters, Mz 233. Eier (Mz 233. Eggs), 1921. 24.7 × 19.4 cm. Collage on paper. Private Collection. Courtesy Sprengel Museum Hannover, Kurt Schwitters Archiv.
  71. Figure 71. Die heutige Mode in ihrer Übertreibung (The Exaggeration of Contemporary Fashion), 1895–1902. Album. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  72. Figure 72. Page from Die heutige Mode in ihrer Übertreibung (The Exaggeration of Contemporary Fashion), 1895–1902. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  73. Figure 73. Hannah Höch, Scrapbook page, c.1933. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  74. Figure 74. Hannah Höch, Scrapbook page, c.1964. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  75. Figure 75. Hannah Höch, Scrapbook page, c.1970. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  76. Figure 76. Hannah Höch, Meine Haussprüche (Proverbs to Live by), 1922. 31.9 × 41 cm, photomontage with collage. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie, Berlin.
  77. Figure 77. Hannah Höch, Poesie (Poem), 1922. 25.5 × 19.5 cm. Collage with ink. Private Collection. © DACS 2023; Photo © Christie’s Images/Bridgeman Images.
  78. Figure 78. Hannah Höch, Entwurf für das Denkmal eines Bedeutenden Spitzenhemdes (Design for the Memorial to an Important Lace Shirt), 1922. 26 × 19.5 cm, collage. © DACS 2023. BPK/Hamburger Kunsthalle/Elke Walford.
  79. Figure 79. Vladimir Tatlin, First model of the Monument to the Third International in the former Academy of Arts, Petrograd, wood, 1920.
  80. Figure 80. Kurt Schwitters, illustration of female figure on front page of Auguste Bolte, 1923. Kurt und Ernst Schwitters Stiftung, Hannover. Courtesy Sprengel Museum Hannover, Kurt Schwitters Archiv.
  81. Figure 81. Kurt Schwitters, Postcard to Hannah Höch with Anna Blume label, c.1923, Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  82. Figure 82. Zierschrank, Illustration in Illustrierte Frauenzeitung (1 November 1895). Photo: Stina Barchan.
  83. Figure 83. Ludwig Wilhelm Wittich, Wohnzimmer des Verlegers und Malers in seinem 1827 erworbenen Wohnhaus Französische Straße 43, Berlin, 1828. 24.70 × 37.00 cm. Aquarell. Courtesy of the Stadtmuseum Berlin. Photo: Hans-Joachim Bartsch.
  84. Figure 84. Sasha Stone, Bürgerliches Interieur (Bourgeois Interior), 1914. Photograph.
  85. Figure 85. Kurt Schwitters, Merzbild 14 B Die Dose (The Box), 1919, 16.4 × 14.1 cm, assemblage. Courtesy Marlborough International Fine Art, Vaduz.
  86. Figure 86. Hannah Höch in her Büsingstaße Flat, c.1925. 8.8 × 6.8 cm. Photograph. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  87. Figure 87. Liselotte and Armin Orgel-Köhne, Hannah Höch in ihrer Bibliothek (Hannah Höch in her library), 1972. Photograph. © DACS 2023. Privatbesitz Armin und Liselotte Orgel-Köhne.
  88. Figure 88. Kurt Schwitters, Merzpainting 1c The Doublepicture, 1920. 15.6 × 13.7 cm. Assemblage, oil cardboard, wood. © Yokohama Museum of Art.
  89. Figure 89. Hannah Höch, Kurt Schwitters, 1922. 67.9 × 48.1 cm. Silhouette. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie, Berlin, 2022.
  90. Figure 90. Johann Rudolph Schellenberg, Silhouettenmaschine (Silhouette Machine), c.1790. Drawing.
  91. Figure 91. Hannah Höch, Hand Print, 1925. © DACS 2023. Berlinische Galerie, Berlin.
  92. Figure 92. Hans Richter, Hannah Höch and Man Ray at the opening of the exhibition Dada: Dokumente einer Bewegung, 1958. Article in Hören und Sehen‚ on the program ‘Kunst oder Bürgerschreck: dada’, SFB, 05.02.1960. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin. © Association Marcel Duchamp/ADAGP, Paris and DACS, London, 2023. Photo: Stina Barchan.
  93. Figure 93. Hannah Höch and Man Ray by Raoul Hausmann’s Mechanischer Kopf, 1958, from ‘Der Dadaismus lebt noch’, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, 06.09.1958. © ADAGP, Paris and DACS, London, 2023. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  94. Figure 94. Military Commemoration Picture, ‘Der Anfang der Photomontage’ (The Beginning of Photomontage), no date, 42.5 × 51.7 cm. Coloured and collaged engraving. Berlinische Galerie/VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn.
  95. Figure 95. Hannah Höch, ‘Vorgänger der Photomontage und Collage’ (Predecessors of photomontage and collage), no date. File containing postcards. Berlinische Galerie – Artists’ Archives, Berlin.
  96. Figure 96. Hannah Höch, Lebensbild (Life Picture), 1971–1973. 130 × 150 cm. Photomontage. © DACS 2023. Collection of Armin und Liselotte Orgel-Köhne; Berlinische Galerie, Berlin.

Every effort has been made to trace copyright holders and to obtain their permission for the use of copyright material. The publisher apologises for any errors or omissions in the above list and would be grateful for notification of any corrections that should be incorporated in future reprints or editions of this book.

Details

Pages
XXIV, 294
ISBN (PDF)
9781800798908
ISBN (ePUB)
9781800798915
ISBN (Hardcover)
9781800798892
DOI
10.3726/b19782
Language
English
Publication date
2023 (November)
Keywords
Hannah Höch Kurt Schwitters Berlin Dada Club Dada Historiography Domesticity Archive Postcards Gossip Mimicry German avant-garde International Constructivism Merzbau History of Dada The Dada Archivist Stina Barchan
Published
Oxford, Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, New York, Wien, 2023. XXIV, 294 pp., 59 fig. col., 36 fig. b/w

Biographical notes

Stina Barchan (Author)

Stina Barchan holds a PhD in the History of Art from University College London. She is an independent art historian, specialising in German and Scandinavian art of the early twentieth century.

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