Beat Kümin, . Studies in Central European Histories, 65. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2019, XV, 277 pp., 38 color figures.

Recent research has turned its attention to the maybe surprising phenomenon of free communities, cities, peoples, and also territories already in the Middle Ages. The better known examples are Iceland, part of modern-day Switzerland, Frisia, Pommerania, Bohemia, and so forth (see now Albrecht Classen,