Aristotle's Four Causes

Table Of Contents

• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• About the author
• About the book
• This eBook can be cited
• Table of Contents
• Acknowledgements
• Introduction
• Causes and Becauses
• Things to Keep in Mind
• The Introductory Chapters Introduced
• The Causes in More Detail
• Chapter 1. Aristotle’s Four Causes
• 1.1 Natural Processes
• 1.2 That Out of Which the Thing Comes to Be
• 1.3 What the Thing Comes to Be
• 1.4 Whence the Process Comes to Occur
• 1.5 What the Process Turns Into
• 1.6 Conclusion
• Chapter 2. Two Epistemic Directions of Fit
• 2.1 Archetypes and Ectypes
• 2.2 How to Talk
• 2.3 Sellarsian Sentences
• 2.4 Affection and Function
• 2.5 A Priori Knowledge
• 2.6 Aristotle’s Four Causes
• Chapter 3. Tode, Ti, Toionde
• 3.1 What Is Matter?
• 3.2 The Pale and the Dead Socrates
• 3.3 On Denuding
• 3.4 Tode Ti
• 3.5 The Timaeus
• 3.6 Conclusion
• Chapter 4. The Inseparability of Matter
• 4.1 Matter as Attribute
• 4.2 Matter as Subject
• 4.3 Matter as Potential
• 4.4 Sameness and Difference of Thing and Matter
• 4.5 Alteration vs. Completion
• 4.6 A Note on Material Constitution
• Chapter 5. Types and Classes
• 5.1 Sets and Classes
• 5.2 Polytypic Classes and Clusters
• 5.3 The Type Specimen Method
• 5.4 Two Species Concepts
• 5.5 Standards of Typicality
• 5.6 Conclusion
• Chapter 6. Essences vs. Properties
• 6.1 One Property to Rule Them All
• 6.2 Essence and Explanation
• 6.3 Essences, Properties, and Essential Properties
• 6.4 Sortals and Natural Kinds
• 6.5 Identifying, Classifying, Describing
• 6.6 Another Take on Metaphysics Ζ 13
• Chapter 7. Causation
• 7.1 Causation as a Relation
• 7.2 Hume’s Argument
• 7.3 Water and Suffocation
• 7.4 Three Objections and Replies
• 7.5 Dispositionalism
• 7.6 Conclusion
• Chapter 8. Causal Processes
• 8.1 Causal Processes
• 8.2 “Cause” as a Dimension Word
• 8.3 Aronson’s Formula
• 8.4 A Note on Diagrams
• 8.5 Types and Handles
• 8.6 Conclusion
• Chapter 9. Basic and Derived Final Causes
• 9.1 Final Causes as Limits
• 9.2 The Typical and the Best
• 9.3 Remote Final Causes
• 9.4 External Final Causes
• 9.5 An Example
• 9.6 Reducing Final Causes
• Chapter 10. Teleological Reasoning
• 10.1 The Action as Conclusion
• 10.2 Inference Rules
• 10.3 Mirroring Speculative Reasoning
• 10.4 Natural Teleology
• 10.5 Functions
• 10.6 Conclusion
• Conclusion
• The Material Cause
• Essences
• The Formal Cause
• The Efficient Cause
• The Final Cause
• Bibliography
• Index