Symmetry Breaking and Symmetry Restoration

Table Of Contents

• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• About the author
• About the book
• This eBook can be cited
• Table of Contents
• Acknowledgements
• Abbreviations
• Introduction
• Chapter 1: Symmetry and asymmetry – background
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Definitions
• 1.3 Interdisciplinary background
• 1.3.1 Symmetry in mathematics
• 1.3.2 Symmetry in physics
• 1.4 Linguistic background
• 1.4.1 The third factor of language design and symmetry considerations
• 1.4.2 Selected examples of symmetry and asymmetry in syntax
• 1.4.3 Symmetry sensu stricto and symmetry sensu largo
• 1.5 Areas of symmetry and asymmetry to be examined
• 1.5.1 In syntactic relations
• 1.5.1.1 Merge
• 1.5.1.2 Syntactic categories
• 1.5.1.3 Coordination, subordination and related phenomena
• 1.5.2 In descriptive domains
• 1.5.2.1 Syntax and other modules of grammar
• 1.5.2.2 NS – LF – PF
• Chapter 2: The operation Merge
• 2.1 Background
• 2.2 Merge, Concatenate and Label in the context of symmetry considerations
• 2.3 Merge and the catastrophic theory of the origin of FLN
• 2.3.1 Concatenate
• 2.3.2 Label / Projection
• 2.3.3 Concatenate, Label and the catastrophic emergence of syntax
• 2.3.4 Adjunction – some loose ends
• 2.4 Initial symmetry of Merge and its breaking in Boeckx (2008)
• 2.5 Top-down derivations in Zwart (2009)
• 2.6 Symmetry and asymmetry in the Parallel Merge approach (Citko 2005)
• 2.7 Some empirical and theoretical problems
• 2.7.1 Background
• 2.7.2 Binary Merge – empirical and theoretical counterevidence
• 2.7.2.1 Empirical counterevidence
• 2.7.2.2 Theoretical counterevidence
• 2.7.3 An attempt to overcome the theoretical impasse (Leung 2007)
• 2.7.4 NS – LF – PF symmetry considerations
• 2.8 Alternative solutions
• 2.8.1 Jackendoff’s (2011) Parallel Architecture model
• 2.8.2 Hornstein and Pietroski’s (2009) Basic Operations unifying model
• 2.9 The approach advocated in this book
• 2.9.1 Preliminary issues
• 2.9.2 SSB, symmetry restoration and Merge
• 2.9.3 Psychological reality and Merge-based derivations
• 2.9.4 Summary
• 2.10 Conclusion
• Chapter 3: SSB, symmetry restoration and syntactic categories
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 SSB, Label and syntactic categories
• 3.3 Distinction and parallelism among syntactic categories
• 3.4 Empirical evidence from Boeckx (2008)
• 3.4.1 Commensurability
• 3.4.2 Permutability (interchangeability)
• 3.4.2.1 Projection by movement
• 3.4.2.2 Reprojection (projection in situ)
• 3.4.3 Further arguments for EM/IM symmetry
• 3.4.4 Conclusions: SSB, symmetry restoration, projection by movement and reprojection
• 3.5 Lack of categorial distinctions – selected examples
• 3.5.1 Protolanguage
• 3.5.2 Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language
• 3.5.3 Pirahã
• 3.5.4 Riau Indonesian
• 3.5.5 The foregoing issues and the SSB approach – conclusions
• 3.6 General conclusions about the nature of FL
• 3.7 Controversies and areas for future research
• 3.8 Summary and some further issues
• Chapter 4: Empirical evidence: coordination
• 4.1 Coordination – introduction
• 4.2 Coordination and symmetry restoration
• 4.3 Culicover and Jackendoff’s (1997) “syntactic coordination despite semantic subordination” – evidence
• 4.3.1 Background
• 4.3.2 Binding
• 4.3.3 Islandhood
• 4.3.4 LSand, LS(?)or and remaining issues
• 4.3.5 The clasification of LSand and LS(?) or revisited
• 4.4 Parataxis/adjunction
• 4.5 More general conclusions: autonomy of syntax in light of SSB
• Conclusions
• Appendix – response to some criticism
• References