Linguistic Change in Galway City English

Table Of Contents

• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• About the Author
• About the Book
• This eBook can be cited
• Contents
• Tables
• Figures
• Abbreviations
• Acknowledgements
• 1. Introduction
• 1.1 Sociolinguistic methods
• 1.1.1 Variationist sociolinguistics, dialectology, and urban dialectology
• 1.1.2 Core variables and concepts of research on language variation and change
• 1.1.2.1 Age cohorts / age groups / generations
• 1.1.2.2 Sex and gender
• 1.1.2.3 Social class, social stratification, and socioeconomic scores
• 1.1.2.4 The vernacular and the Observer’s Paradox
• 1.1.2.5 Linguistic style
• 1.1.2.6 Speech communities, communities of practice, social networks and discourse communities
• 1.2 Research aims
• 1.3 Structure of the study
• 2. Galway as social and linguistic area
• 2.1 The city of Galway
• 2.2 Population
• 2.3 Socioeconomic, ethnic and linguistic characteristics of evolving Galway
• 2.3.1 Old Galway
• 2.3.2 Early Modern Galway
• 2.3.3 Modern Galway
• 2.4 Diachronic development of linguistic communities in and around Galway
• 2.4.1 An Cladach/Claddagh
• 2.4.2 Mionlach/Menlough/Menlo
• 2.4.3 An Bóthar Mór/Bohermore
• 2.4.4 An Fhaiche Mhór/Eyre Square
• 2.4.5 Barr an Cáladh/Woodquay and Newtownsmith
• 2.4.6 The old ‘west suburb’: Dominick Street
• 2.4.7 Bóthar na Trá/Salthill
• 2.4.8 An Baile Bán/Ballybane, Radharc na Mara/Mervue and Seantalamh/Shantalla
• 2.5 Implications
• 3. Galway City English as a variety of Irish English
• 3.1 A feature-based approach to Irish English
• 3.2 Irish English and three waves of sociolinguistics
• 3.2.1 Milroy and Milroy (1978): Belfast
• 3.2.2 Harris (1985): Belfast
• 3.2.3 McCafferty (2001): (London)Derry
• 3.2.4 Collins (1997): Claddagh, Galway City
• 3.2.5 Sell (2009 and 2012): Galway City
• 3.2.6 Peters (2012 and 2013): An Bóthar Mór/Bohermore, Galway City
• 3.2.7 Bertz (1975, 1987), Hickey (2005), and Lonergan (2013): Dublin
• 3.2.8 Implications
• 3.3 English in Galway City, Connacht, and Ireland’s West
• 3.3.1 Vowel features of Galway City English
• 3.3.1.1 /ε/-raising (PEN/PIN merger)
• 3.3.1.2 Final [ə] or [əi] in HAPPY
• 3.3.1.3 Diphthongisation in GOAT/HOME and FACE/NAME
• 3.3.1.4 PRICE and MOUTH
• 3.3.1.5 START
• 3.3.1.6 THOUGHT, LOT, CHOICE
• 3.3.1.7 STRUT
• 3.3.1.8 Schwa epenthesis
• 3.3.2 Consonantal features of Galway City English
• 3.3.2.1 /s/-palatalisation, /v/-/w/ interchange and /hw/-velarisation
• 3.3.2.2 THIN, FAITH and THEN, BREATHE
• 3.4 Dental fricatives in Irish English
• 3.4.1 Variants of (th) and (dh)
• 3.4.2 Patterns of distribution
• 3.5 Implications
• 4. Methods of data collection and analysis
• 4.1 Fieldwork
• 4.2 Sampling method
• 4.2.1 Apparent-time method
• 4.2.2 Stratified random sampling, snowball sampling and participant observation
• 4.3 Data collection and interview design
• 4.4 The informants
• 4.4.1 Age and sex
• 4.4.2 Socioeconomic index scores
• 4.5 The corpus
• 4.6 Research ethics and subject anonymity
• 4.7 Univariate, bivariate and trivariate analysis
• 4.8 Subset of data for variation analysis
• 4.9 Factor groups and coding
• 4.10 Phonetic analysis
• 4.11 Summary
• 5. Analysis of (th, dh)-variability in Galway City English
• 5.1 The variables (th) and (dh) in the CGCSE
• 5.2 Distribution of variants of (th) and (dh) in the subset of data
• 5.2.1 Linguistic factors
• 5.2.1.1 Position in word
• 5.2.1.2 Number of syllables
• 5.2.1.3 Position in syllable
• 5.2.1.4 Word stress
• 5.2.1.5 Preceding phonological environment
• 5.2.1.6 Following phonological environment
• 5.2.1.7 Word class and part of speech
• 5.2.1.8 Linguistic factors: summary of findings
• 5.2.2 Social factors
• 5.2.2.1 Factor ‘age’
• 5.2.2.2 Factor ‘sex’
• 5.2.2.3 Factors ‘sex’ and ‘age’
• 5.2.2.4 Factor ‘socioeconomic group’
• 5.2.2.5 Factors ‘socioeconomic group’ and ‘age’
• 5.2.2.6 Factors ‘socioeconomic group’, ‘age’ and ‘sex’
• 5.2.2.7 Factor ‘neighbourhood’
• 5.2.2.8 Social factors: summary of findings
• 6. Discussion and conclusions
• 6.1 Research aims and methodology revisited
• 6.2 Results and implications
• 6.3 Limitations and future research
• Appendix I: Coding scheme
• Appendix II: Samples from the coded data
• Appendix III: Sample transcript from the CGCSE
• References
• Index
• Series Index